Pros and Cons of Private Schooling Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Upsides and downsides of Private Schooling - Essay Example This paper breaks down the upsides and downsides of private tutoring as clarified in four articles, connections to which are given in the references area. Tuition based schools have routinely assumed a significant job in advancing and fortifying UK’s economy regardless of being lesser in number when contrasted with the government funded schools. There is a ton of proof to propose that people instructed in non-public schools increase a ton of financial preferences in their expert vocation. They show signs of improvement occupations and are utilized at more significant compensations than the alumni of state funded schools, however there is little ability about the manner in which the social and financial impact of the private tutoring has surfaced. In their paper, Green et al (2010) have given experimental proof to the level of progress experienced in the instruction differentials and school compensation over the timeframe. The reasons why understudies taught in non-public schoo ls have a bigger number of favorable circumstances than those informed in government funded schools incorporate yet are not constrained to considerable increment in the quantity of assets, expanded accentuation of the non-public schools upon the scholarly accomplishment of understudies through interior change, and expanded charge sums that guardians don't have issue with paying given the across the board information economy and increment in the quantity of ladies taking an interest in the work power. ... (Green et al, 2010). The creators reason that half of the pay raise differential between the alumni of private and state funded schools is a result of the preferred capabilities of the previous over the last mentioned. Self-teach Academy (2007) talks about various focal points of the tuition based schools. The scholastic execution of tuition based school understudies is obviously superior to that of the government funded school understudies. One of the few purposes for this is expanded parental association in the youngster training in tuition based schools. Tuition based schools are described by opportunity from the imperatives forced by the administration over government funded schools. Tuition based schools are allowed to choose center scholarly subjects for instructing. They don't need to tolerate the weight of political promotion gatherings while planning the educational program for their understudies. In view of their expanded opportunity, tuition based schools are better ready to implement discipline inside the homeroom just as in the grounds. They are extraordinarily encouraged by the guardians of the understudies in actualizing discipline in the schools since guardians are as worried about making the non-public school training a triumph as the school managers and proprietors themselves seem to be. In any case, non-public schools despite everything need to beat the difficulties old enough isolation in study halls and the resoluteness of instructors as for their speed of educating. NCSPE (n.d.) clarifies why non-public schools are so questionable. Tuition based schools furnish the families with an approach to withdraw from their duties towards the general public as residents and furthermore advance imbalance. The basic reason for shamefulness is the utilization of open dollars by non-public schools that are conceivably

Physiological Tests Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Physiological Tests - Essay Example There are different variables that can undoubtedly control the exactness of the outcomes. For example An Individual's Motivational level and pacing capacity can profoundly affect the outcomes. A normal youngster female would have the score (distinction of max tallness bounced and standing stature came to) extending between 31-40cm. A score of 51-60cm is viewed as a decent score and anything above 60cm is sorted as Excellent. So as to improve the leg power, the subject should concentrate on practices like Squats, Dead lifts, cycling and Swimming. 2.. A treadmill test is a persistent running for 9-15 minutes wherein Multistage Field Test (MFT) the subject runs at the sound of recorded blare. Generally MFT is done in open instead of indoor, so condition additionally has some effect. 3.In MFT the signal is on a recorded tape. As the sound tapes may extend after some time, the tapes should be aligned which includes timing a one-minute interim and making change in accordance with the separation between markers. The account is likewise accessible on minimal plate, which doesn't require such a tough adjustment, however ought to likewise be checked once in a while. 1. It empowers the competitor to select and trigger quick jerk of muscle filaments. It assists with creating more prominent measure of power in littler measure of time. This is in agreement to Henman's guideline. Seat Throw permits the subject to discharge an outside burden before the appendages enter a decelerative kinematics' stage. 2. Seat Throw done persistently for some time followed by a rest period and rehashed until a deceleration happens has been demonstrated to lift the pulse to preparing zone level. Weaknesses 1. Wrong selection of loads can roll out critical improvements to the outcomes. On the off chance that the weight is too light the pace of quickening will be excessively quick and if the weight is too overwhelming the bar will decelerate before the discharge point. 2. It is somewhat unsafe. While the bar is hurled, wellbeing measures ought to be

Essay Sample - Benefits of Risk Taking

Essay Sample - Benefits of Risk TakingOne of the most overlooked areas of essay writing is the benefits of risk taking. Most people write their essays using the same formula that has worked for them for years, but by adding a little creativity and modern approach, a writer can do great things with this formula. Combining old school rules with newer principles can create a new writing style that brings out the best in any writer. Many students will find that this combination is easier to learn and adapt to essay formulas than learning the entire formula on their own.The best essays will be the best in a reader's eyes when they are written using unique, innovative and unique essay samples. The best examples will be essay samples that encourage creativity and expansion within a writer's thought process. These types of examples are the easiest for an essay to be written and the one thing that every essay should have.Essay samples that are original and make the student come up with someth ing new are the ones that will win over the reader and make the essay the best one it can be. As writers, we must remember that the writing process is not just the writing itself. It is also about how the writing is presented and how the reader will experience the finished essay.The best essay samples will always lead to a better experience for the reader. These examples will help a reader to see the ideas more clearly and allow them to have a better grasp of what you have written. Students will always remember how easy it was to write their essay and how they were able to move forward at their own pace. By writing a different type of essay, a student will feel like they are becoming a writer and that they are gaining knowledge.Essay samples are great for helping a student who is just beginning to write an essay. Writing with these samples will help to improve and accelerate a student's skills. A student will be encouraged to continue writing essays after they feel as if they are co mfortable with the variety of topics that they write about. An individual will be able to increase their skills as they will be challenged to expand on their writing by including more topics and more subjects.The best essay samples are also the ones that are creative and do not sound like a traditional writing sample. There is no reason that an essay cannot be unique or creative. Many of the modern techniques used to write an essay have evolved into being creative and can be adapted into essay writing.An essay that is unique and creative will speak to the mind of the reader. It will challenge the mind and cause the reader to be unsure of what they should think and how they should form their opinion. In order to develop a writing style, a student should always look at writing samples and try to incorporate them into their own writing.Writing an essay does not have to be hard. With the proper support, a student can be able to produce a winning essay. Using examples that help to show t he benefits of risk taking will encourage a student to follow the formula and become a better writer. Essay samples can give the student the guidelines that will make writing an essay more creative and allow them to explore what their thoughts should be.

Essay on Media Proposal - 860 Words

The media industry has experienced a great deal of upheaval over the last several years. This process is best exemplified by all the changes in the music industry. Albums were a secure and controlled delivery method from their introduction in the 1940s until well into the 1980s when they were overtaken by the more portable cassettes. However, the most important innovation of cassettes was the ability for consumers to create their own cassette recordings. As the next generation moved to recordable CDs, this spawned the adoption of CD â€Å"ripping† and allowed consumers to make mp3 versions of their songs that could then be re-recorded in any order or mix they wanted. There is little question now that portable digital players and file sharing†¦show more content†¦The following are three such new technologies to consider. The first piece in this puzzle would be to embrace â€Å"passion media†, or media based on topics that may be out of the mainstream but people are very passionate about in their personal lives. Topics would cover areas such as automobiles, science fiction, fantasy, gadgets, independent music, movies, and computer gaming. Some of these properties could be developed from scratch but it would obviously be easier to buy a site or property with an existing audience. Some examples would be www.pitchforkmedia.com, www.carenthusiast.com, www.lifehacker.com, www.engadget.com, www.cinematical.com, www.arstechnica.com, www.podcastready.com, or Wizard Magazine. All of these are also brands that can be easily extended to newspapers and TV as special sections or segments. Many of these sites are already profitable due to their inclusion of contextual advertising. Because they are focused on specific topics, advertisers are willing to pay for the more relevant ad placements. The next piece would be to begin developing products for a richer interactive environment, such as one based on Microsoft’s new Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF). This technology is the cornerstone of Microsoft’s new Vista operating system but also provides a framework for other platforms that can mix both text and video. Content for the platform is fed behind-the-scenes overShow MoreRelatedThe Issue Proposal : Social Media1229 Words   |  5 PagesIssue Proposal: Social Media Technology has taken over our world. Electronics devices such as iPads, computers, Surfaces, and Smartphones make it easy for everyone to stay connected to social media. Technology is defined as â€Å"the application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes, especially in industry† Online Etymology Dictionary). Social media is defined â€Å"as websites and applications that enable users to create and share content or to participate in social networking† industry (Online EtymologyRead MoreThe Social Media Proposal Is Fashioned Exclusively For David Gerard Salon2221 Words   |  9 PagesThe subsequent social media proposal is fashioned exclusively for David Gerard Salon (DGS), which results from an extensive analysis of the social media trends and applications unique to your industry. The utilization of Facebook and Instagram will help position DGS as a frontrunner in both the industry and within the community served. In utilizing these platforms, DGS can create an d strengthen bonds with their network of clients, followers, and potential leads while building, broadening, and enhancingRead MoreSocial Media Marketing Proposal1399 Words   |  6 PagesSUMMARY This is a proposal for beginning Social Media Marketing at Arthur Hall Insurance. â€Å"Social Media Marketing is building your social network fans, followers, and connections using relevant and interesting content that is shared, allowing you to reach and engage more people and drive more business.† The three largest social networks, Facebook, Twitter and LinkedIn, are generating a lot of hype in the Marketing world as new ways of reaching and communicating with clients, prospects and anyoneRead MoreMASS MEDIA RESEARCH PROPOSAL1377 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ MASS MEDIA RESEARCH PROPOSAL FREEDOM OF INTERNET: A RESEARCH OF INTERNET USERS AMONG THE UiTM STUDENTS BY: MOHD AFIFI BIN ZAKARIA 2012447002 MC223S3A COMMUNICATION RESEARCH METHOD (COM533) DR. ZULKIFLI ABD. LATIFF Introduction of Research In this globalization era, the internet or the virtual world has becoming more complicated and has the potential by showing more effective platform of various collaborative activities which includes academic and education purposes. The intention and the desireRead MoreMedia And Its Influenceon Relationships . Summary Of Proposal1422 Words   |  6 Pages MEDIA AND ITS INFLUENCE ON RELATIONSHIPS Summary of Proposal The correlation between the use of social media and the stigma around the â€Å"hookup† culture among young adults will be exlplored in this study. Participants will range from ages sixteen to twenty one and half will be engaged in social media and the other half will not. Since previous research studies have shown that the stigma around the â€Å"hookup† culture has evolved, this study will examine whether or not social media is aRead MoreThe Vancouver Island Eco Initiatives1054 Words   |  5 PagesTThe proposal I have selected is the ‘Vancouver Island Eco Initiatives – Request Proposals VIEI – 11- 02’, this proposal talks about creating a support system for the students at Camosun College. It is economically friendly in the way that the ‘re-use, recycle’ method would be put into place at both campuses. The proposal itself says that it will create financial support for students at both campuses, but has very poor English an d vocabulary, and the main point is not made clear. Of what I couldRead MoreMoult Hall982 Words   |  4 Pagesof two project proposals for the Trust. The First statement is a projection profit statement for running a quad bike activity center by Winston Barkwith. The Second and Third statement are a comparison of Johnathans and Ingrids proposal without or with Local Authority funding. Findings: Winstons proposal does not appear to be in the best interests of the Trust in relation to its three main aims. Questions remain to be answered about the source of Revenue for Winstons proposal. Johnathan andRead MoreEssay on Typography and Formal Recommendation Report837 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Course Project: Formal Recommendation Report or Proposal Objectives Given information on a technology or business-related issue presented in a case study, evaluate and integrate outside research to create a well-organized and documented formal analytical report or proposal using at least six sources, including books, articles, interviews with subject matter experts, and websites or databases, and prepare a set of presentation slides to accompany the proposal. -8- to 10-page Formal Recommendation ReportRead MoreRequest for Proposal Baseball Practice Field Design and Construction3483 Words   |  14 PagesREQUEST FOR PROPOSAL BASEBALL PRACTICE FIELD DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION HURRICANES’ BASEBALL TEAM logistic@hurricanes.com (832) 403-5698 PM598 – Contract and Procurement Management TABLE OF CONTENTS | 1. INSTRUCTION TO BIDDERS | 4 | | 1.1 General Description of Work | 4 | | 1.2 What Must Included in the Bid | 4 | | 1.3 Schedule of Bid period Activities | 5 | | 1.4 Location of the Work | 6 | | 1.5 Pre-Bid Meeting | 7 | | 1.6 Owner Contact for Question | 7 | | 1Read MoreHow Do Issues Get On Public Agendas?1196 Words   |  5 PagesKingdon well illustrates the processes by which an issue becomes policy issue, named the Cohen-March-Olsen, and the coming together of three processes. In the Cohen-March-Olsen, Kingdon proposed three stream: problem-recognition, policy stream of proposals and political stream. To begin, problems are hard to be recognized by important people in the legal system. Government pay more attention to some problems over others because they have indicators telling them which one is important. Indicators are

Culture And Where It Started Essay - 2136 Words

Our Culture and Where It Started Understanding where one has derived from, how the path was set for one’s purpose, and the how cultural beliefs, values, and views are indicative of the family structure, is important. This literature will provide information on the importance of history in shaping culture and communication; and how it affects the family, specifically my family. Insight surrounding some experiences my family has endured throughout generations, and how such experiences have helped to shape the cultural beliefs, values and views that have been passed down through generations, along with how the same experiences helped to shape cultural learning. Historically, culture and communication are important pillars for shaping the family foundation, but the specifics of gender roles, social skills, individualism, and collectivism are also important indicators of cultural beliefs, values, and views. Importance of History for Shaping Culture and Communication Why is history important for shaping culture and communication? History consists of events and experiences reflected upon and passed down through generations indicating distinct differences within various cultures. History also helps to separate people, according to identity but maintaining a unified group of those within the same backgrounds and cultures. Along with identity, there are values, goals, and expectations that are prevalent in understanding and characterizing a specific culture. According to theShow MoreRelatedPizz A Popular Food Eaten By Many People1645 Words   |  7 Pagesrich history behind it and plays a role in today s cuisine and culture and developed throughout the centuries with mentions of pizza as far back to the 6th century B.C and to 1st century A.D, but not mentioned again until the 16th century. However, pizza was food for peasants in the 16th century and was not widespread, popular, and diverse compared to today in the 21st century. The earliest mention of pizza was in 6th century B.C. where soldiers of Darius the Great (521-486 B.C.) baked a kind of breadRead MoreKill Cultures for Being More Global!800 Words   |  4 PagesKill Cultures for Being More Global! Everybody knows what is going on the other parts of the world with the development of technology. What people wear, eat, read, study; how people behave is not allien anymore for the others. ‘Globalization’ may be defined as owning the same qualifications with the others, in that sense. A simple person; wears what the other ones wear, eats what the other ones eat, behaves how the other ones behave. Within the outcomes of globalization, the differences will notRead MoreReflection Journal in International Business1692 Words   |  7 Pagesby Mr Dasilva, my heart pounded. Oh no†¦. International Business. It sounded so global and dry. I was hoping that it will be somewhat similar like Marketing. However, we were told that International Business is defined as Globalisation of Business where countries are more integrated and are interdependent on world economy. Which is similar like Marketing but in a wider view. Approaching to the learning of International Business, stu dents were told on the Problem Based Learning. We learn base on theRead MoreGender Roles Within Two Different Cultures . Growing Up1337 Words   |  6 PagesGender Roles within Two Different Cultures Growing up in Iran I had automatically had less control over my autonomy. This is due to the male dominant society that has placed limitations and expectations on females. These exceptions and limitations can range from enforcing a strict dress code to not having the civil right as a female to be alone in public alone without placing herself in danger. Through socialization these have become social norms in the Iranian culture that have resulted in explicitRead MoreThe s Irish By Gish Jen And The Son From America By Isaacs Bashevis885 Words   |  4 Pageshave different ambitions and different backgrounds when they settled in the United States. Some arrived here for a better life; others are refugees or escaping from a bad situation. It is extremely hard to adapt to a country where the norms are completely different from where you come from. Each immigrant encountered different obstacles such as identity problems; confusion, isolation and so much more, but all of them always face cu ltural difficulties. â€Å"One Out of Many† by V.S. Naipaul, Who’s IrishRead MoreHistory of The Spanish Inquisition1496 Words   |  6 Pagesperiod before the Middle Ages, Spain had religious toleration for centuries (Catholic Culture). With the influence of the Islam religion, Spain seemed threatened at this point as Spain was mainly Catholic. It was around the time of 1184 that the Medieval Inquisition was brought upon Europe(Catholic Culture). The official reason for the Inquisition was â€Å"to offer guidance to the lost sheep† (qtd. in Catholic Culture). The Church taught that the Christian-Catholic teachings were essential in order toRead MoreThe Revolution Of The United States Government1010 Words   |  5 Pagesthat now controls the majority of federal government. From the time of the American Revolutionary War, the balance of security and freedom and the fight between a strong or weak centralized government has been an issue in every government policy . It started with a strong English government with limited freedom, in the name of security. Then we moved to Articles of confederation with a very weak centralized government. The idea was to protect my freedom and my rights, but no one thought of their securityRead MoreThe Biological Basis Of Human Lactase1213 Words   |  5 Pagesmilk while others can. The scientific research that has been done in order to explain the biological basis of human lactase is archaeological and genetics. Archaeologist examined pottery shards in order to grasp what the animals where actually consuming indicating where the proteins came from. Other scientists did field work with both Africans and Europeans that either had experiences raising a cattle or did not have experiences with cattle in order to show that human lactase is genetic. In orderRead MoreCulture Diversity in the Profession Essay1178 Words   |  5 PagesCulture Diversity in the Professon I have to start this paper off with a confession. I had hand surgery a couple of years ago and had to become a lefty for several months. The experiment would have been harder I know if I would have not gone through this experience. I am not a lefty but had to live as a lefty.so I can use my left hand to do more than the average right handed person. I have much appreciation for left handed people. The world is set up for right handed people. If you have to putRead MoreMultinational Companies: Culture Difference in Organizations1250 Words   |  5 PagesCulture Difference in Organization. It has been seen over decades the rise of the multinational companies in the global world. It has affected the world in such a way that few of the multinational company’s income are more than the counties national income. This clearly explain you the effect of the globalisation. Multinational companies are not just multinational in their products but also they face many challenges as well and Culture difference is one of the major one .it is very important for

Essay on Aging in Australia - 1730 Words

Dylan Kowalchuk Aging in Australia Plymouth State University This paper focuses on aging in Australia, the different policies and services for the aging population, and provides some examples about what it would be like to age in Australia. First, it is important to understand the age care policy in Australia. There are four different components to this policy: the old-aged pension system, pursuit of the aging-in-place policy, self-funded services and supports, and residential and frail aged care. The aged care policy in Australia is â€Å"built on the premise of independence and individualization and assumes that older people will remain in the community for as long as they are able to† (Gray amp; Heinsch, 2009, p. 108). In order to†¦show more content†¦One of the interesting things about this portion of the aged care policy is that there is a significant gender difference surrounding it. It has been observed in Australia that women are generally poorer than men when they retire and that they prepare less for this period of t ime (Gray amp; Heinsch, 2009). There are a few different reasons for this phenomenon as illustrated by Gray and Heinsch (2009): â€Å"women feel that retirement planning is a male role, and that they will be taken care of; women find existing preretirement planning programs are generic, male or couple oriented, and do not address women’s specific needs and situations; women are traditionally ‘otherfocused’ and place their wellbeing behind nurturing others; and women may not feel they have a locus of control.† It is fascinating that these differences are illustrated, and they really make a lot of sense. The point about how women place their wellbeing behind nurturing others is really key; it is discussed so much in class about how women are often placed with the pressures of caring for their elderly parents or family. It is really interesting that this theme of caring for others seems to follow women up until and through their own retirement, when self-care is truly essential. It is really important as a social worker working with this population that women are reached out to and informed about theShow MoreRelatedJapan And Australia On Population Aging1384 Words   |  6 Pagesof Japan and Australia on Population Aging As time goes on, more and more countries come into population aging period. Population aging means the ratio of 65 years or above is over 7%, or the ratio of 60 years old or above is over 10%. Japan has the most serious aging problem in the world, and as predicted, after several decades there will be no Japanese populations without taking response measures. Australia also faces with the population aging problem duringRead MoreCauses Of Death Within Australia Is Cardiovascular Disease With The Aging Population Being At An Increased Risk1827 Words   |  8 PagesOne of the most leading causes of death within Australia is cardiovascular disease with the aging population being at an increased risk; within Australia 29.2% who are over the age of 75 will have some type of cardiac disease (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2013). The aim of this essay is to use the nursing process as a tool to work through an issue that may arise post angiogram to provide appropriate plan of care, the issues that will be focused on throughout this paper is bleeding. This paperRead MorePopulation Report Of Tasmania. Introduction . Population1551 Words   |  7 Pagesof a series of planning implications and recommendations. Status quo Tasmania is currently the third smallest state in Australia with an estimated population of 519,063 in 2016 according to Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS, 2016). It has the oldest median age (42 years old) compared to other states or territories in Australia (ABS, 2016). Tasmania is not only facing aging problem but also the problem of low birth rate. In the past twelve years, from 2005 to 2016, Tasmania kept very low increasingRead MorePeriodontal Disease And Manual Dexterity1359 Words   |  6 PagesPeriodontal disease and manual dexterity in an aging population Periodontal disease is the fifth most common health problem in Australia (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare [AIHW], 2015). Periodontal disease is associated with large costs to the health system and reduction in the quality of life, and wealth, of Australians (AHMAC Steering Committee for National Planning for Oral Health, 2001). The greatest contributor to the development of periodontal disease is the accumulation of plaqueRead MoreEcon2103 Tutorial Questions1354 Words   |  6 Pageschallenges, complex questions and conflicting forces faced by government in designing and implementing policy. The lectures will examine the issues faced by government in the areas of (1) redistribution of income (2) taxation (3) affordable housing (4) aging of the population (5) privatisation ( 6) wage regulation Lecture Schedule Lectures start in Week 1and finish in Week 12. Location: Monday 5 – 7pm CLB5 The lecturer for Weeks 7-12 is: Peter Nichols ASB465 Ph: 9385 9935 p.nichols@unsw.edu.au Week Read MoreSwot Assumptions Back Ground Literature1136 Words   |  5 PagesBusiness research topic: Why Australia to get real in population: Theory Assumptions back ground literature: Population growth is one of the most important thing for the countries planners, economist and obviously for the government to plan for next 50 to 100 years. Australian population growth is as per time clock estimates in April 2015 as 23 795 442. This is totally assumed and estimated based on last census in 2006. One birth in every 1 minute and 44 seconds One death in 3 minutes 27 secondsRead MoreThe New Zealand Positive Aging Strategy Essay1406 Words   |  6 PagesThe New Zealand positive aging strategy promotes the participation of older adults in communities. The government believes that the older adults have a greater opportunities to provide to the society with their valued knowledge and skills. Since the older adults need their dignity and respect in the society, it is important to the government as due to the growing rate of the older adults is increasing. (â€Å"New Zealand Positive Aging Strategy†, 2001). This report in detail will provide the theme ofRead MoreThe Population Of The United States900 Words   |  4 Pages With the continual increase in the elder population, whether or not an aging population is beneficial to society has become widely debatable. While many believe that this top-heavy type of population distribution poses a colossal obstacle in terms of economic development in the long run, others maintain that it is a testament to the development of a society. Given that a high proportion of elderly citizens puts immense pressure on the working force and would be a burden on the healthcareRead MoreInfluence of a Countrys Political Forces on Potential Investors: Sofitel Gold Coast Broadbeach Case Study1254 Words   |  5 Pagescountries political situation can significantly influence investors that intend to do business in these countries. In the case of the political environment in Australia, investors that want to address the countrys accommodation sector must focus on the visa regime and carbon tax. Tourists that are not from New Zealand and want to visit Australia are required to have a visa. The visa must be obtained before arriving to the country. There are several types of visas provided by the Australian governmentRead MoreAttitudes Towards Older People Essay1193 Words   |  5 PagesAttitudes towards Older People Attitudes and treatment towards elderly people can be said to vary drastically across cultures. From Europe, Asia, the Middle East, the Americas, Africa and Australia, the attitudes expressed by the community towards older people are very different when compared to one another. An `attitude can be defined as `a mental view or disposition (Wilkes Krebs, 1987), or if the content is used in has a psychological basis ` the learned, relative stable

Dynamic Business Application Framework †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Dynamic Business Application Framework. Answer: Introduction: The presentation layer supports the Java EE web modules are either a web pages or servlets which are created by using JSF (Java Server Faces) or Java Server Pages (JSP technology) Servlets are Java software design language classes which dynamically construct responses and process requests. Java Server Pages are text-oriented documents which can run as a servlets but permit a number of natural method to create a static content. (JSF) Java Server Faces technology constructs on JSP technology and servlets and offers a user interface (UI) element framework for web applications ("Java EE Security Essentials - Dzone Refcardz", 2017). The Business tier supports user services over the Web containers in Web tier and also maintenances business logic part services over the EJBTM (Enterprise JavaBeans TM) containers in Enterprise Java Beans tier. An Enterprise beans permits the application developer to focus on business logic. The EJB element model is a pillar of industrial-strength based application designs in J2EE software design model (Muir, 2010). The JSF is used for presentation layer. The main purpose of JSF is to collect data or transfer data to the EJB in business layer. Java Server faces offer interaction among the application and User. When the user press on list property button then the request is transferred to Enterprise Java Beans that in chances to provide a data using JPA. The EJB are the basic of application. The business layer accepts request from Java Server Faces, process the request and then pass it on to the JPA in term JPA execute queries and send the data to EJB that again forward it to the presentation layer. JPA is the third layer i.e. data access layer that provides the access to the Java Data Base and serves the requests of the EJB Java Data Base stores the structured data, which JPA uses to fetch different forms of data (Hu, 2016). There are different types of pages in the application. To link them together managed beans are used. Managed beans are used to go from one page to another. Managed beans uses backed beans to hold the data and properties of the components. After user enters a property in add property page and clicks Add button at this point the Managed Bean gets activated and sends the control to the next page which is Java Server Faces (Presentation Layer) Enterprise JavaBeans (Business Layer) Java Persistent API JavaDB propertylists.xhtml, a Property added successfully message is shown to the user and a lists of properties are displayed to the user. Then there are options to go back to main page on every subpages which users enters from the main page. The application comprises a web module and an Enterprise Java Bean module. The web module encloses the servlets in order to displaying as well as posting the communications and a singleton session bean, which calculates the various number of users that session. The Enterprise Java Bean module has an entity class, session frontage designed for class that have entities and a message-driven bean. The Web Tier contains the presentation logic of the application and runs on a Java EE server. In the PropManage application, the Web Tier is represented by the web module and contains servlets (Application, 2017). Business Tier applications also run on Java Enterprise Edition servers and contain the business logic of the application. In the PropManage application, the Business Tier is represented by the Enterprise Java Bean module. References Application, M. (2017).Multilevel Navigation - Enterprise Application.Ux.stackexchange.com. Retrieved 2 October 2017, from https://ux.stackexchange.com/questions/83436/multilevel-navigation-enterprise-application Hu, Y. (2016). Study and Design a Dynamic E-business Application Framework Based on Java EE and Web Service.International Journal Of Database Theory And Application,9(11), 37-48. https://dx.doi.org/10.14257/ijdta.2016.9.11.04 Java EE Security Essentials - Dzone Refcardz. (2017).dzone.com. Retrieved 2 October 2017, from https://dzone.com/refcardz/getting-started-java-ee Muir, P. (2010). The Programming Model of Java EE 6. Retrieved from https://in.relation.to/assets/Java%20EE%20Programming%20Model.pdf

Google Docs Challenges and Opportunities

Problem Statement Most businesses depend on technology in their everyday tasks. From email and phone sessions to websites, there is almost not a single activity which does not involve technology. These technologies, which are now taken for granted, have bridged some great holes in business communication. As businesses grow geographically and internally, there is a necessity for more advanced means of communication.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Google Docs Challenges and Opportunities specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More New trends have caused some new internet-based collaboration tools and software to be implemented in the established or growing businesses. In recent years, some useful collaboration tools, that are enabling people to conduct their businesses globally, have been created. Google Docs, Skype and Drop Box are examples. Virtual teams now need the collaboration tools as well as the project’s success. However, some of the collaboration tools have disadvantages that make virtual project teams suffer. In this paper, I will discuss the Google Docs as a one of the prominent tools for collaboration, and try to present the challenges that are faced in its implementation, and how they are overcome (Geist, 2010). When working in a virtual team, it can be hard to have all the statistics prearranged and easily recognizable. Nonetheless, remaining prepared is an important sign of being fruitful in a virtual team. To do this, it is essential to have a network in which each group member can log, upload, and save parts of their work, as well as the work of other members. With the use of content organization tools, statistics or documents are always at hand, and can be opened and corrected by each member of the group (Geist, 2010). Challenges Opportunities Many researches have mentioned some problems and challenges of the Google Docs. For example, the features of the Google Docs are rather rudimentary and simple, which more tech savvy workers may dislike. Moreover, other programs have extra progressive features that allow the worker to completely modify their documents and databases. Google Doc’s greatest weakness is its lack of organization and synchronous communication purposes. It is, for the most part, a database for documents. There is a lack of type-switch tools, and all oversees and improvements are lost, unless the document has been uploaded twice and one reproduction left complete.Advertising Looking for case study on computer science? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It does offer a tool for sharing folders and documents with a chosen group of people, so there is no need to use Google Groups. Google Docs offers a prompt messaging function that can be used when many operators are reading the same paper, but the letter record is not retrievable once the window is closed. Therefore, if worker s conduct a conversation at different periods, they have no way of reading the messages exchanged before their arrival (Geist, 2010). Business Solutions According to the research and some of the answers provided by Radical Technology, Google Docs as a collaboration tool has several very strong features. Firstly, Google Docs is a user-friendly collaboration tool, with which many users are already acquainted. When using a worksheet as the management border, operators do not need to reinvent the helm to build a traditional one. This protects not only growth time and possessions, but it also maintains constancy, as we only have to instruct the workers on one interface. All that, together with mobility and skills needed to manage Google Docs on multiple platforms, makes for a great collaboration tool. Secondly, since Google Docs is cloud hosted, one does not need to obtain another database system. The statistics or data for your solutions will live in the cloud, and be easily obtainable and redundant, as long as you have an Internet connection. This can, perhaps, remove the need for extra hardware, software, backups and control time from your support team. This can also be a separate advantage for smaller businesses that just cannot have enough money to invest in substructure or hosted solutions (Colley, 2011). For many traditional tools, you need to develop a version of the system with logins, collections, safety and controls. Google Docs is a recognized part of your business area so you can just use the built-in account system. Furthermore, one of the greatest features of Google Docs is the comfort with which you can permit and cancel access to your papers within your team.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Google Docs Challenges and Opportunities specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More By using the built-in safety system, you don’t need to emphasize any growth exertion to that part of you r answer anymore. In addition, you can also make company-wide or separate groups to let quicker sharing choices for teams and sections (Colley, 2011). Lessons Learned/Business Case One advantage of Google Docs that businesses can use is the fact that it saves a lot of money. Google Docs is completely free of charge so it does not entail any initial investment, but it can be more than useful. More importantly, it is web-based so it does not demand any hardware improvements. In fact, it can even reduce the amount of hardware needed for doing business because it can store a lot of data online. One additional promising feature is that with the advent of such software as Google Docs, we can reduce the office space needed for running a business so the costs in this aspect will be reduced dramatically (Hartigan, 2011). Google Docs is focused on improving collaboration. Users are able to control who is allowed to see their documents, and give other workers consent to manage them. Up to 50 u sers can edit a file at one period, and each user is able to see what the other users are doing at that time. Google Docs also has a chat feature within the document to let users communicate while they are collaborating. This means that there is no need for email add-ons and multiple reproductions of papers. Instead, there is one copy of the paper that is available to every person who has permission to see and manipulate it. Google Docs also keeps a record of historical forms of a document, which means that if somebody makes an alteration you are not content with, you will be able to undo all the changes (Hartigan, 2011). In addition, Google Docs is a form creator. Users can easily make communication forms and email them conventionally to the people who need to fill them in. When a form is constructed, it is placed on its individual webpage so the link can be given to the workers. Google Docs will then record their replies in a worksheet for the user in order to simplify conducting studies. This option can be used very successfully for studies and surveys, for example. One just needs to produce a form by using the form creator, send it out to the people he or she wants to survey, and read the responses via the Google Docs worksheet (Hartigan, 2011).Advertising Looking for case study on computer science? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Why do I care? As a future business professional, I find the fact that this type of technology is being developed very interesting because it might be the solution for the challenges that business profession is facing at the moment. Firstly, due to the ongoing economic crisis in the developed world, businesses are struggling immensely to reduce costs and save money so that they could improve their position on the market. Secondly, globalization and the lack of business space are threatening to destroy the traditional conception of a workplace. Finally, the traditional way of doing business has become really devastating for the environment so a lasting solution has to be found in that domain as well. Tools like Google Docs are offering at least partial solution to all those challenges. Google Docs offers a possibility of working on a single project from various locations all over the world. This can help not only to save office space and make the business global, but it can also save a lot of money since the office space is becoming more and more expensive. Furthermore, as we saw above the fact that it is no longer necessary to store and backup all the information on personal computers relieves the owners of the burden to constantly provide more and more hardware equipment. For that reason, they can save a lot of money on hardware, and that way of doing business will also be easier on the environment. Moreover, paper consumption will definitely go down dramatically once Google Docs is adopted by the majority of companies so we can hope for greener business in the future. Finally, the possibility of having many people work on a single project simultaneously will bring the concept of teamwork on the whole new level. In addition, one advantage might also be that not having to spend 8 hours in a crowded office can result in a reduction of stress and personal conflicts, which are inevitable consequences of the way we practice business today. All of these new possibi lities that Google Docs offers definitely bring us closer to the notion of an ideal working environment. References Colley, R. (2011). Why consider using Google Docs as a backend for custom web solutions. | Radical Technologists. Radical Technologists. Web. Geist, D. (2010). Evaluation of Google Docs as a Collaboration Tool. Kennesaw.edu. Web. Hartigan, C. (2011). How Google Docs can help your business. Web Design, eCommerce Website Design Website Hosting – Zeald NZ. Web. This case study on Google Docs Challenges and Opportunities was written and submitted by user Jace Baldwin to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Same Sex Marriage Essays - Public Opinion, Survey Methodology

Same Sex Marriage Essays - Public Opinion, Survey Methodology same sex marriage "Oral report, yes or no?" need to start writing the paper Public opinion poll...same sex marriage... questions on topic: 1. should marriage be between heterosexual couples or any two couples? 2. 3. Should adoption be legal for same sex married couples. June 23, 1997 Public opinion: Feared by the founding fathers...today politics have to be more friendly the people..."collection of similar attitudes and believes that are shared by some portion of the population." types of pulpit opinion -intensity: How willing people are to express their opinion. More expression can lead the intensity of a subject to be passed by Gov. ecpl.gays, abortion, affirmative action... -fluidity: "amount of change public opinion goes through in a period of time"...exp. Bush administration... -stability: "extent to which public opinion remains constant over a period of time"exlp. 95% of public believe we should be more involved in Gov. decions... -latent: "people are not expressing their opinion to interest and education"could be an argument for the elitist belief of Gov. Forming Public Opinion: a concoction of family background, school, per's, college, work place, exposure to society, Sampling techniques -Random Sample : every type of person should have a equal chance of being sampled -quota sample: targets a specific demographic group... -sampling error: difference between what the sample show andtrue result of all participating Functions of the media: shape public opinion -profits: #1 priority; they are responsible tostco holders -reporting news: -setting the Agenda: they set what the top story, they select which stories we should be exposed to. -expressing opinion: media provides editorials, -spin doctors: Rush, and others, media nalysetes or talk show hosts that interpret news in away that supports the party that represent... Hard Fluff: entertainment the can be descised as news; oj case; Tonga harding; June 24, 1997 Interest groups: organized meters that share a common objective; attempt to influence Gov. polices -separation of powers: checks and balance system allows the interest groups to hound a Brach of Gov. to adhere to the interest at hand. Growth of Interest Groups: right to potion the goc; 1st...came about during farmers subsidies, and the new deal... why people join: they are interested in reform, get benefits from certain groups, just the belonging factor. Types of Interest Groups: -Business: owners of businesses were not happy worth the new deal so they formed in response "elite corporation 'business roundtable' "national association of manufacturers" -agriculture: formed to protect from economic and banks... -labor: came in during new deal, unions...AFL-CIO 1955 membership is around 13 million-they were originally comprised o blue collar workers... -public: have no economical benefit, they from for social reform, environmental issues, and ex. -professions: groupsthat represents layers, teachers, doctors, and other professions...American medical association, 240 thousand in the 1990 elections they spent 3.2 million dollars. Direct Lobbying -Political action committees In-direct lobbying Lobby regulation -Regulation of Lobbying act 1946 -Ethics in govt. act 1978

Food journal analysis week 4 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Food journal analysis week 4 - Research Paper Example For this assignment, I ate the lasagna as suggested in the hypothetical question, and eating a regular size portion to see what content would rate on the nutrient scale. With the ricotta cheese, mozzarella, Parmesan, meat, my fat intake was quite high on just this part of the meal, at 12.2g - percentage scale is 7.5 - 12.5 grams for fat on this item alone. The saturated fat on the lasagna was 6.3g clearly exceeding the 3.6g or below. Since I made sure to eat healthier the rest of the day, I noticed I began to watch everything else I ate. While I didn't prohibit a cookie(s) or soda(s), the items I chose did weigh on my mind and made me more conscious of saturated fat, trans-fats and "good" fat. In order to not worry throughout the day about the calories or fat content, I could avoid high fat intake by eating more fresh fruits, vegetables, and a diet that is more organic or a raw style. While talk of low-fat items is always in the media, there is good fat that our bodies need in order to function correctly. If I make sure the food I eat is made with those healthier versions, there would be less worry about how I am eating, what the fat content is, and how much exercise I will need to do in order to burn it all off. I firmly agree substitutions of low-fat items for their regular high-fat version are always going to be a good choice; however, more people I know who eat low-fat items find they give themselves the "right" to eat high-fat foods as rewards. This style of eating is not only not a good practice; it can be detrimental to your health, and also can cause a downward spiral into bad eating patterns. I believe if I could eat low-fat items without the addition of higher fat items, my physical condition would improve. By integrating low-fat items, your mindset changes to add other health-promoting foods and practices. I found myself worrying about what I was eating during the day, even though my main meals were more vitamin-rich and not completely loaded with fat. Lasagna ingredients & changes The fat, saturated fat, and cholesterol in regular lasagna come from mainly from three ingredients, the meat, and ricotta and mozzarella cheeses. With the high level of fat in cheese, it would benefit anyone with high cholesterol, high blood pressure, or a heart condition to reduce the fat by choosing low-fat cheeses. White cheeses have the lowest amount of fats, and removing the higher fat content of the ricotta cheese by substituting it with cottage cheese. Lowering the fat content and increasing the vitamin and mineral content by adding more vegetables like zucchini, fresh tomatoes, and mushrooms; or choosing a leaner style of meat, such as lean ground beef, turkey, or even ground buffalo. There are many versions of lasagna out there that you can search for on the Internet or recipe sites that can help you make a tasty version of this meal without the total fat, sodium, and cholesterol. Calories, vitamins, and energy Total calories and vitamin levels for my daily intake was slightly higher than the Recommended Daily Amounts. Calorie amount for my body type, age, and activity level should be around 2,00 calories daily (the mypyramid.gov suggested 2,078) and my day's calories ended up being 2,097 for three meals and a snack. While I made sure to choose healthier items today, some of the vitamins and minerals were still

Analyse a case of The Prosecutor v. Abdel Raheem Muhammad Hussein Essay

Analyse a case of The Prosecutor v. Abdel Raheem Muhammad Hussein - Essay Example Also attributed against him are the war crimes of murder, attacks against a civilian population, destruction of property, rape, pillaging, and outrage upon personal dignity, all punishable under the same statute. The warrant was issued based on the belief that Hussein was a key person in the counter-insurgency plan that involved attacks against civilians to end the conflict in Darfur between the armed groups SLM/A or the Sudanese Liberation Movement/Army and JEM or Justice and Equality Movement (JEM) against the government of Sudan and the militia Janjaweed. These unlawful attacks were executed â€Å"by the Sudanese armed forces and/or the Militia/Janjaweed† to target the people belonging to Fur, Masalit and Zaghawa ethnic groups who were known as rebel supporters (International Criminal Court, 2014). The issue on the war in Darfur is an ongoing problem that many have called genocide. Thousands have died before the rest of the world became aware of what was happening in that region of Sudan. The International Justice Project (IJP) writes that it was in March of 2005 when the United Nations Security Council released a resolution that referred the matter to the ICC. It was also after this time when the people behind the attacks were brought to the attention of the Chambers of the court. Hussein, accused as one of the primary perpetrators in thinking up of the common plan which gave financial and military support to a non-government group through Janjaweed other than the government forces who are to carry out the violent plans against rebel forces even if the same would cause many civilian casualties (International Justice Project, 2012). The Janjaweed, who are primarily Arabs, carried out the execution of their counterparts especially of non-Arab backgrounds. The group has been acc used of ethnic cleansing by consciously killing the

US Entry into Vietnam Essay Example for Free

US Entry into Vietnam Essay Every American president basically regarded the enemy in Vietnam, whether the Vietminh, the National Liberation Front in the 60s and the government of Ho Chi Minh in North Vietnam, as agents of global communism (Rotter 1999, p 1). US policymakers and most Americans conceived of communism as the opposite of what they stood for. Communists opposed democracy, violated human rights, conducted military attacks and formed closed-state economies, which did not trade with capitalist countries. They loathed communism like a contagious disease. When the Communist Party rose to power in China in 1949, the US government in Washington feared that Vietnam would fall into the hands of communists. This was the reason why the administration of US President Harry Truman decided to send aid to the French who were then fighting the Vietminh in 1950 (Smitha 2005, p 2). Earlier in May, 1945, the Truman administration approved the resumption of France’s colonial authority in Indochina in the hope that France would fight communism in Vietnam. The Viet Minh, a movement led by Ho Chi Minh, a veteran communist, resisted the French regime in Vietnam. At the end of the war, the Viet Minh announced Vietnam’s independence of foreign rule. But the Truman administration and the Allied powers did not want the Vietnamese to be independent. The war between the French and the Viet Minh then began in December 1946. The US sided with the French in Vietnam for the sake of fighting communism in Europe and Indochina and sent financial and material support to the French to overthrow Ho Chi Minh’s government in Vietnam (Rotter p 5, Smitha pp 16-17). President Truman supported the French also in the hope of helping them build and reinforce non-Communist nations whose fate depended to a large extent on the preservation of Vietnam (Rotter 2005, Smitha 1999). He saw that a free world in the region would open markets for Japan, The involvement of the US in Vietnam likewise assured the British of the revival of the rubber and tin industries in Malaya, a neighbor of Vietnam. With US help, the French could move on with efforts at economic recovery at home and ultimately retrieve their military forces from Indochina to oversee the rearmament of West Germany. These were the perceived deep-seated motivations of US involvement in Vietnam (Rotter, Smitha). After the invasion of South Korea by North Korea in 1950, Secretary of State Dean Acheson convinced President Truman to increase US assistance to the French (Smitha 2005). The US also recognized France’s puppet king, Bao Dai, in Vietnam, only to be replaced later (Smitha, p 9). Step by step, the US entered into the conflict for these goals, which gradually waned and were forgotten. What later developed was a tendency against withdrawing from Vietnam itself (Smitha, p 10). When the Vietnamese Nationalist Vietminh army won over the French at Dienbienphu in 1954, the French were forced to accept the creation of a Communist Vietnam north of the 17th parallel and leaving a non-Communist side in the south (Rotter 1999, p 2). Then US President Dwight Eisenhower rejected the arrangement. Instead, he endeavored to set up a government there to wrestle control from the French, sent military advisers to train a South Vietnamese army, and operate the Central Intelligence Agency to stage a psychological warfare against North Vietnam (Rotter). In his address at the Gettysburg College, Eisenhower pointed to Vietnam as a free but poor and underdeveloped country with a weak economy where the average individual income was less than $200 a year (1959, pp 96-97). The northern part of Vietnam was taken over by communists. He stressed that South Vietnam needed assistance in self-defense and economic growth. The people of Vietnam wanted to thrive and to become self-sufficient. For Vietnam to expand economically, it would need to acquire capital and for this to happen, it should be freed from outside hostility and private investments should be established to infuse capital. Otherwise, it should be given outside loans and grants from more fortunate countries. He emphasized that Vietnam’s freedom should first be insured and then its economic problem would be solved. In addition, the military forces in Vietnam also needed support without affecting or destroying the economy of Vietnam. He justified the continued existence of US military forces in Vietnam because of the closeness of Communist military forces in the north. He also said that while Communist guerrillas had been substantially contained, the remaining ones continued to disrupt the overall conditions of the nation. He emphasized the need to equally provide sufficient moral support to the troops so that they would continue to have the hope, confidence and pride needed to ward off the threats of aggressions from within and without the borders Upon his assumption as President in 1952, US aid to the French in Vietnam increased and reached 80% in two years’ time (Smitha 2005). In 1954, Bao Dai was replaced by Ngo Dinh Diem. But the French disliked Diem, a nationalist who stood aside during the struggle for independence from the French. He was a courageous, honest and persistent, but he was also inept and he was not popular with ordinary people. He was surrounded by relatives and friends and did not establish close relationships with local leaders and groups in the South. His forces in the rural areas were feared and hated. His strategic hamlet program relocated peasants into communities, surrounded by barbed wire to separate them from the guerillas. They did not like their new hamlets (Smitha, p 14). At a news conference on the steel crisis during his term, US President John F. Kennedy contrasted those Americans fighting for freedom in Vietnam with executives who pursued private power and profits beyond a sense of public responsibility (Bostdorff and Goldzwig 1994). While recognizing the importance of the steel controversy, he re-emphasized the value of the US mission in Vietnam. Whenever he had the chance, he restated the nation’s moral commitment. His morally-grounded idealistic rhetoric gained him definite advantages. His arguments made him sound tough and pleased those with an equally hard-line position against communism in Southeast Asia. He could also use these arguments to justify and support his policies, such as when Congress threatened to reduce foreign aid. He insisted that foreign aid was an all-or-nothing proposition because principles were at stake. He pressed that Congress could provide all the aid he believed should be given or Congress must assume the responsibility and culpability in the event of a victory of Communism and the defeat of freedom in those nations at risk. He maintained that representatives and senators must make policy decision in the light of the larger moral consequences to which these policies would inevitably lead. At the Economic Club of New York in 1962, he commented that Vietnam would instantaneously collapse if the US did not assist it. He consistently presented and idealistically argued that Vietnam as the conflict or a battle of principles and urged all citizens to commit themselves to an all-out support to that commitment. If they did not, they would then have to prepare for a communist victory, which would negate and destroy the cause of freedom all over the world (Bostdorff and Goldzwig). France’s Charles de Gaulle warned President Kennedy that the US would sink into a â€Å"bottomless quagmire† in Vietnam, no matter how much money was spent on it and how many men were sent to it (Smitha 2005, p 10). The President increased the number of advisors to help the Diem regime in 1961, until he realized that the battle had to be won by the Vietnamese themselves, not by Americans. He was aware of Diem’s unpopularity and that Diem would fail to rally in the South in the fight against the communists.The time came when it decided to find an alternative to Diem and connived with his generals to overthrow him (Smitha, pp 13-15). # BIBLIOGRAPHY 1. Bostdorff, Denise and , Steven. Idealism and Pragmatism in American Foreign Policy. New York: Presidential Studies Quarterly. Vol 24 Issue 3, 1994 2. Rotter, Andrew J. The Causes of the Vietnam War. The Oxford Companion to American Military History. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999. http://www. english. uuc. edu/maps/vietnam/causes. htm 3. Smitha, Frank E. The United States and Vietnam. Macrohistory, 2005. http://www. smitha. com/h2/ch26. htm

Journey to a New Land :: History

A Journey to a New Land My parents immigrated to Canada in 1990 to escape the tyranny of the Chinese government and to build a better life in Canada. After listening to their stories of hardships and frustrations, I realized how fortunate I was to be living in the country I now called home. When the day came to revisit my homeland, I felt uncertain and nervous. Would I fit in? Would I like it there? These were some of the concerns that were racing through my mind. But as the trip progressed, I realized how much I enjoyed staying inChina. Despite what started off as a foreboding voyage, this journey turned out to be one of the best experiences of my life. It had been a long time between my move from China to Canada and the visit to my homeland. As a baby, I had left for Canada and adopted many new traditions and learned many new things. Going back to China for the first time in eleven years would offer me incredible new experiences, but I wasn’t prepared. I wasn’t ready. Leaving my birth country at the age of one and forgetting many of the proper Chinese traditions, I felt so isolated from my culture. The only encouragement I had of taking this trip was from my parents, who reassured me that I was going to do fine. However, my doubts still remained and I knew this would be an obstacle I had to overcome. As I first stepped onto Chinese soil, I began to explore many of the different features of my culture. The benefit of the currency exchange enabled my parents and me to shop in exquisite Chinese boutiques and eat delectable Chinese foods. As I bit into a delicious deep-fried dumpling while sipping some bubble tea, my worries and anxieties drifted away like mist. Eating and drinking as if I were royalty and shopping in splendour, my life was a paradise. For the first time since I arrived in my motherland, I felt that I did fit in with my culture, for I was adopting many of the Chinese customs already. Adapting to China’s less fortunate society was the hardest challenge. One major disappointment of the Chinese living style was the unsanitary conditions. Everywhere I went, most washrooms were smelly, fly-infested places where toilets were holes dug under the ground. It was repulsive yet distressing to think that millions of people in China had to endure these conditions everyday.

Gdp And Economic Welfare Essay

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is the most important economic indicator and it is used for comparison purposes to see how countries are doing economic wise. It entails the aggregate production or output in a country. GDP can be measured using either the expenditure approach where all final expenditures are added or by the income approach where all compensations of employees and other forms of incomes are added up. GDP is used to measure an economy’s economic growth. Hartzenberg T et al (2005, 114). The real GDP can be used to establish how an economy is performing and hence compare various economies as one can compare their outputs. It is also important in the sense that it can be used for forecasting purposes and hence important in planning. This paper will distinguish the difference between economic growth which can be measured using GDP statistics and national welfare or people’s well being. According to McConnel and Brue in their distinguished book ‘Economics’, a country can be said to have economic growth when there is a positive increase in its GDP. Economic growth is different from economic welfare and economic development. Economic growth is characterized by an increment in natural resources, the quantity or quality for the human resources, as well as an improvement in technology that translates to increased productivity. Economic growth refers to a positive shift in the production possibility curve to the right or where economic efficiency is attained. McConnel and Brue (2005, 149). A country A could register a higher GDP than country B but this does not necessarily mean that country A is doing better in terms of economic welfare as there is a clear distinction between economic growth and national welfare. This can be blamed on the limitations attached or rather linked to GDP calculation and analysis. (facstaff. uww. edu). Walter in the book ‘Economics’, noted that GDP ignores or rather omits household production which is an important sector in as far as determining the welfare of people is concerned. Wessels W (2006, 75). Alan and Laurence backed this idea in their book ‘Macroeconomics an integrated approach’ where they argued that GDP does not account for the unreported incomes which are earned in the ‘underground economy’. A good illustration of unreported incomes is a situation where waiters fail to report all the tips they acquire while on duty. People may fail to report their actual incomes to evade taxes. Statistical problems could also have occurred creating the impression that country A had a higher GDP than country B though this may not be actually be the case. Some people may not divulge all the information regarding their incomes or expenditure leading to wrong GDP estimates. If country B has a very significant ‘underground economy’ then her citizens could be doing better than those in country A even though the latter had a lower GDP. This is an indication that high GDP rates do not necessarily translate to better welfare for the citizens. Auerbach and Kotlikoff (1998, 136). When calculating GDP the aspect of leisure is ignored although it is very critical in as far as defining people’s welfare is concerned. Country A could register a higher GDP than country B but the citizens in country A could have been overworked leading to health complications. In this case, the high GDP could be at the expense of the people’s health and we cannot conclude that it ensured their welfare or well being. Wessels W (2006, 75). Using GDP figures to determine the people’s welfare is inappropriate as it fails to include ecological costs incurred in the process of attaining the said GDP. Ecological costs include the costs of pollution. Country A could register a higher GDP than country B due to the fact that country A had better technology that ensured increased production. However, the increased production could have been realized in the face of increased air, water and land pollution all of which poses health hazards to the citizens. Wessels W (2006, 75). When such is the case then we cannot conclude that country B is doing better than country A. People’s well being encompasses the people’s health and not just their economic well being. A country with lower GDP but ensuring that her environment is safe for her citizens is doing well in terms of national welfare even though it could record a lower GDP than one with a higher GDP but has a polluted environment. GDP ignores a country’s environmental quality and it fails to account for the consequences that an economic growth could come along with. Auerbach and Kotlikoff (1998, 136). GDP also focuses on output or production although it is consumption that could best explain people’s welfare. For instance country A could sell more goods to other nations like country B since the demand for such goods in country B is higher. In this context, country B could be doing better than country A but since country A exports more it may create the impression that it is doing better. On the other hand, country B may register a lower GDP translating to being worse off as her net exports are negative but in the real sense they could be doing better. Focusing only on the output approach would lead to distortions while addressing the issue of national welfare. Another critical issue cited by Wessels as a limitation of using GDP to evaluate a country’s or nation’s well being is the fact that government spending is valued at cost rather than at its value. Government projects in country A could have been at a higher cost than those in country B but an important aspect to consider here is how much the projects were worth to the citizens. This is because some important projects could be undervalued while worthless projects are overvalued and this will have a significant impact in as far as influencing the people’s welfare or well being is concerned. Wessels (2006, 75). GDP calculation does not include the plight of the people in terms of health and life expectancy which are quite important in assessing the people’s well being or welfare. Country A could have a higher GDP than country B but if she has a lower life expectancy rate and is performing poorly in terms of general health of her citizens then we cannot argue that her citizens are better off than those of country B especially if in country B the life expectancy and general health is better. Health which is a very important factor in determining the people’s welfare when calculating a country’s GDP people’s conditions health wise are only included if they increase the costs of the health system. A country’s health costs could be attributed to modern and advanced health technologies but this does not guarantee a nations well being health wise as the costs incurred may not match the benefits attained. Democracy or political freedom is an important part in determining people’s welfare. Good governance is one where respective freedoms are respected and most importantly democracy embraced. Using GDP to evaluate people’s welfare is inappropriate as it does not provide any information regarding a country’s governance. Country A could register a higher GDP than country B but the political organization in country A could be oppressive to the citizens. In this context, we cannot argue that country A citizens are better than those in country B which could be exercising democracy and consequently not oppressing her citizens. (facstaff. uww. edu). Another vital issue in defining people’s well being is assessing social justice in a country. If country A registered a higher GDP but was very poor in terms of the civil justice system then we cannot conclude that her citizens well being was ensured. Country B citizens could be doing better at a lower GDP level if she ensured an effective social justice system. An effective system ensures that the rule of law is embraced and people’s rights respected. This is important in ensuring that corruption which threatens people’s welfare as it only benefits a segment of the total population is kept at bay. Using GDP to compare the well being of people in country A and B could give a wrong impression of what is actually the case. This is attributed to the fact that a country could have overly adjusted for inflation leading to the impression that increase in prices translate to hikes in prices even when this could be as a result of improvement in the products produced. Morse S (2004, 39). Another aspect that makes it inappropriate to compare country’s welfare using the GDP statistics is the fact that for such comparisons one must convert the currencies into the other country’s currency and when carrying out the conversions it is possible to understate a country’s GDP especially in the developing nations. A country A could register a higher GDP than country B due to errors arising from conversions of currencies. (facstaff. uww. edu). Country A could have a higher GDP than country B but her citizens could be worse off than those of country B in terms of national welfare. This is attributed to the fact that country A could be characterized by many social evils as opposed to country B. Failure to include the non-market production in the calculation of GDP makes it an inappropriate tool in determining people’s welfare in an economy. Such services like childcare, subsistence farming and care for the aged mean a lot in as far as people’s welfare is concerned. Country A could have a higher GDP but with a lower subsistence economy when compared to country B. A significant subsistence economy would ensure that a country’s food security is ensured and this would place her citizens at a better stance in as far as their well being or welfare is concerned. GDP fails to account for the effects or consequences of technology which has an impact in its determination. In contrast GDP is more concerned on the value of the end product without taking to concern the efficiency of the technologies in question. If country A registered a higher GDP than country B but country A’s government invested more in sectors like education and health ensuring that her citizens were better off in those areas then we can conclude that country B’s welfare is doing well even if it has a lower GDP than country A. Treating investment in education and health as consumption rather than investments makes it difficult to estimate people’s welfare. Willis I (1997, 164). Distribution of resources in a country is also a point to consider when using GDP figures to estimate people’s welfare. Country A could register a higher GDP than country B but this high GDP could have been arrived from a small insignificant proportion of the total population. This is to say that it is inappropriate to say that country A citizens are doing better than those in country B as the GDP is contributed by a small proportion while a large proportion of the society could be languishing in poverty. Income distribution is of much essence when determining people’s welfare in an economy. The inequality issue and GDP arise more so in developing countries or third world as opposed to developed ones. Willis I (1997, 164). Social issues like family stability are also not reflected when calculating GDP although it has an impact on people’s welfare or well being. GDP in country A could be higher than that in country B as more money is being channelled into paying divorce cases lawyers or building more police posts in response to increased crime rates. This illustrates that it is inappropriate to make conclusions about people’s welfare using GDP. In his book ‘The Japanese Economy’, Mitsuo Saito noted the inappropriateness of GDP as a tool of evaluating people’s well being due to the fact that it does not indicate the labour conditions, housing conditions, state of the social security or the urban life which are crucial in determining people’s well being. Saito M (2000, 13). Economic growth could be based on either the demand side or the supply side of an economy. The aggregate demand could increase due to an increment in the population size while aggregate supply could be due to the discovery of new natural resources. Aggregate output is affected by the level of labour supply, the stock of accumulated capital, level of technology as well as the institutions in place. There is an inverse relationship between prices levels and output and when prices levels fall the output increases. Tanzi and Chu (1998, 203). Monetary and fiscal policies in a given economy would affect the country’s well being or welfare. The people’s welfare will be affected by the policies that an economy embraces. Good policies are those that aim for equitable economic growth in a nation. They ensure that the poor in the society are not worse off but instead uplift them. This can be achieved through the application of equitable taxes such that people’s ability to pay is what determines the amount they are to pay all taxes. The rich will pay a higher amount than the poor in such cases. The government could also apply fiscal policies to ensure development for the poor in society. References: Alan J. Auerbach, Laurence J. Kotlikoff. 1998. Macroeconomics: An Integrated Approach. MIT Press. Bernard Baumohl. 2007. The Secrets of Economic Indicators: Hidden Clues to Future Economic Trends and Investment Opportunities. Wharton School Publishing. Campbell R. McConnell, Stanley L. Brue. 2005. Economics: Principles, Problems, and Policies. McGraw-Hill Professional Publishers. Measuring GDP and economic growth. Retrieved on 23rd November 2008 from http://facstaff. uww. edu/ahmady/courses/econ202/ps/sg3. pdf Mitsuo Saito. 2000. The Japanese Economy. World Scientific Publishers. Ian Wills. 1997. Economics and the Environment: A Signaling and Incentives Approach Allen & Unwin Publishers. Stephen Morse. 2004. Indices and Indicators in Development: An Unhealthy Obsession with Numbers? Earthscan Publishers. T. Hartzenberg, Buck Standish, A. Wentzel, V. Tang, T. Hartzenberg, S. Richards. 2005.

A History Of Earnings Management - 1624 Words

A History of Earnings Management, Financial Scandals, and the Resulting Legislations At the turn of the 21st century, America found itself wrought with multiple financial scandals. The poor decisions of just a few executives resulted in thousands of people out of a job, pension funds wiped away, and houses going back to the bank. While earnings management was certainly not a new concept nor was the resulting fraud, the high number of scandals within a short period of time brought it front and center. The resulting public outcry forced congress to swiftly pass new legislations to finally control these manipulations. The business world was forever changed, but has earnings manipulation truly been eliminated? WHAT IS EARNINGS MANAGEMENT? While there doesn’t seem to be one generally accepted definition, most people agree to an extent on what earnings management entails. Gary Giroux explains it as â€Å"operating and discretionary accounting methods to adjust earnings to a desired outcome,† while another set of authors describe it as â€Å"a conscious effort to manipulate earnings for one’s advantage† (Giroux 180; qtd. in Grasso, Tilley, White 46). Earnings management covers a broad field of practices, both positive and negative. The negative side is more specifically referred to as earnings manipulation. Giroux gives the definition of earnings manipulation as the â€Å"opportunistic use of earnings management to effectively misstate earnings to benefit managers† (Giroux, 180). Most of theShow MoreRelatedLong Distance Discount Services ( Ldds )1460 Words   |  6 PagesWorldcom Group, formally known as Long Distance Discount Services (LDDS) and the secon d largest long distance telecommunications provider in the U.S., was involved in one of the biggest accounting frauds in history. 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